Crisis in Care: Direct Support Workers earn poverty wages; solutions needed to stabilize support services

"The Cost of Compassion" from the Oregon Rehabilitation Association

In Michigan, a 2015 survey by the Partnership for Fair Caregiver Wages shows that employers can't attract Direct Service Providers with the current reimbursement rates:

"In the spring of 2014, the Michigan Legislature passed a law to increase the standard minimum hourly wage, via annual increases, from $7.40 to $9.25 by January 1, 2018. The Legislature did not provide any additional funding for the wages of direct-support workers, the employees of state-funded programs that care for and support some of the most vulnerable people in our state. 

"An estimated 44,000 direct-support jobs are funded through Medicaid appropriations to support and serve people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, mental illnesses, and substance use disorders. Employers of these workers depend on Medicaid funding provided through the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, and unlike other businesses, have little or no ability to increase revenues to meet increased staff costs. 

"Even before the increases in the minimum wage, staffing shortages tied to low wage rates were creating soon-to-be-crisis-level consequences."  [Emphasis added]

High Turnover Rate: "Among those surveyed, a 37 percent turnover rate = loss of 6,308 employees in a single year. "

Direct-Support Workers Earn Poverty Wages 

2,600 direct-support workers are needed now.

*****************************  
The Partnership for Fair Caregiver Wages is a coalition of state-wide organizations advocating for persons with disabilities, direct support staff, and employers as well as regional community mental health boards and individual employers. This coalition is seeking sufficient public dollars to raise the wages of direct support staff in Medicaid-funded programs supporting people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, mental illness, and substance use disorders.

For more information, please contact Hollis Turnham at hturnham@PHInational.org or Robert Stein at rstein@miassistedliving.org.
*****************************  
What is a "Living Wage" in your state? Find out here.  

Abuse and sexual assault of people with DD

This is from the the VOR Weekly News Update for August 17, 2012.  It is about the rape of a developmentally disabled man who lived in a group home in New Mexico.  These are excerpts from an article in the Albuquerque Journal that appeared on February 23, 2010.
 

Larry Selk, who cannot speak or perform daily functions on his own, was raped in 2004 while living in College House, a group home operated by a ResCare's subsidiary in Roswell, New Mexico. The likely perpetrator was a group home employee who had been hastily hired after much of the College House staff was fired for using drugs and there was an urgent need for replacement staff. The man was hired with virtually no background check, which could have discovered problems in his past, and put on the job essentially untrained, according to trial evidence.  

A lawsuit was brought on Selk's behalf by his sister and legal guardian, Rani Rubio, resulted in a jury award of $48 million in punitive damages. Res-Care appealed, resulting in the judge slicing away a significant chunk of a jury's historically high punitive damages award. The punitive damages award was reduced from $48 million to $9.6 million in an order that also denied the company, ResCare Inc., a new trial.  

Second Judicial District Judge Nan Nash found that the punitive damage award was "unreasonable." "While (ResCare's) conduct was reckless, it was not intentional or malicious," Nash wrote in an order filed Friday. Nash left intact the compensatory damages — nearly $1.5 million against ResCare New Mexico and $3.2 million against ResCare Inc.

The ARC of New Mexico filed an Amicus brief in support of punitive awards for abusive providers. (An Amicus brief is a statement submitted by an individual or organization who is not a party to a lawsuit but has been permitted by the court to weigh-in on legal matters related to the case.) Unfortunately, the punitive damages awarded to the disabled man in this case were reduced, but the brief is nevertheless a valuable resource for anyone looking for information on this topic. It is a compendium of sources on abuse, especially sexual assault, on people with disabilities, showing how vulnerable adults are targeted by sexual predators, how crimes against them are under reported and often never reported to law enforcement, and how short staffing and frequent staff turnover in group homes increases the risk of abuse.

These are excerpts from the Amicus Brief:

• p 2: The lives of those with developmental disabilities cannot be improved... unless their lives are first made safe. Unfortunately, the deck is stacked against those with disabilities. Sexual predators see people with disabilities as powerless and vulnerable. Consequently, people with disabilities suffer abuse and rape at much higher rates than the general population.
• p 2: For large-scale providers such as RCI, only substantial punitive damages awards can force them to improve the quality of care they provide to Mr. Selk and others-and thus deter similar injuries in the future.
• p 11: Researchers recognize that high turnover among the staff increases the risk of sexual assault...When service providers fail to provide adequate staff and supervision, it also increases the risk of sexual violence.
• p 12: If a provider is on notice of but fails to correct systemic problems, this demonstrates a fundamental lack of respect for the rights of its residents.
• p14: While the estimates of sexual abuse of developmentally disabled people are staggering, it may only be the tip of the iceberg. As one New Mexico survey found, "[r]ape is significantly under-reported to law enforcement…"
• p 15: … the problem is probably bigger than suspected, the victims even more numerous. And yet, in part because the crimes are not reported, offenders go unpunished, free to commit more crimes-while service providers entrusted with the individuals' care and safety know little risk exists of being held accountable even though their own failures provided opportunity for the crime.
• p 15: Even when victims or their loved ones report sexual assault, the perpetrator usually is not punished.
• p 15 - 16: When society's response to sexual assault is devoid of serious penalties, it increases the perception that people with developmental disabilities are unequal in the eyes of the law.
• p 16: Civil lawsuits against service providers who injure their residents, rather than care for them, play a crucial role in ensuring equal rights and the safety of individuals with disabilities. If we can encourage these providers to fulfill their duty to their residents--or at least deter them from breaching that duty-sexual violence against vulnerable individuals will be reduced.